CURRENT AFFAIRS MAY 2021 Admin Top Stories Thu, Jun 03, 2021, at ,11:51 PM 1- Scientists saw flaws in SUTRA'S, approach to Modeling Pandemic I. SUTRA (Susceptible, Undetected, tested (positive), and Removed Approach). II. The government-backed model, called SUTRA, to forecast the rise and ebb of the COVID-19 pandemic, may have had an outsized role in creating the perception that a catastrophic second wave was unlikely in India. 2- Oxygen Concentrator I. An Oxygen Concentrator takes in aum comprehend Sierra bed filter II. The Farmer Squeeze atmosphere aims and also adjust the pressure at which it is delivered 3- V.Kalyanam, was Gandhi Ji personal secretary from 1943 to 1948 died I. Mahatma Gandhi's former personal secretary V Kalyanam died in Chennai on age-related daughter said. Kalyanam (99) died due to old age-related ailments. 4- Indian Foreign Policy and Covid-19 II. Regional Primacy: India’s traditional primacy in the region was built on a mix of material aid, political influence, and historical ties. III. Now, India’s political influence is steadily declining, its ability to materially help the neighborhood will shrink in the wake of Covid-19, and it's historical ties alone may not maintain India’s regional hegemony. IV. Covid-19, will prevent any ambitious military spending or modernization plans and limit the country’s attention on global diplomacy and regional geopolitics.With reduced military spending and lesser diplomatic attention to regional geopolitics, India’s ability to project power and contribute to the growth of the Quad will be uncertain. V. Covid-19 has led to general economic distress, a fall in foreign direct investment and industrial production and a rise in unemployment will also limit India’s strategic ambitions 5- Voting behavior I. The local was of almost importance in the decision-making of voters in the assembly election, according to a special post-poll survey conducted by Lok Niti -CSP, For the Hindus. II. The voters were determining their electoral choice for state and national distinctly 6- World's "longest pedestrian suspension" bridge opens in Portugal I. Hugo Xavier became one of the first people to cross the world’s longest pedestrian suspension bridge. II. Hidden between rock-strewn mountains covered with lush greenery and yellow flowers inside the UNESCO-recognised Arouca Geopark, the bridge hangs 175 meters above the fast-flowing River Paiva. 7- Monopile technology in the coastal road I. The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has decided to introduce monopile technology, for the first time in the country, in the under-construction Coastal Road that connects south Mumbai to western suburbs. II. Generally, any bridge on a sea or river is built using group pile technology. But in monopile technology, one single pile is used instead of four piles for supporting one pillar.8- Lag B'Omer religious festival I. At least 44 people have been killed in a crush at a crowded religious festival in the north-east of Israel to celebrate the Leg B Omer festival II. Lag B’Omer is an annual Jewish festival observed during the Hebrew month of Iyar. It is celebrated on the 33rd day of the Omer, the 49-day period between Passover and Shavuot 9- Role of regional political Parties: I. The role of regional political parties in the early years of Indian independence was nominal but with time, the regional parties in state politics started to gain more importance II. Most regional parties have grown over a period of time as instruments that play a crucial role in so state politics. However, they believe that the problem of their religion is not attended to by the central government .there many people came together from a party which looks after the problem of the people. III. The parties work on issues like lack of educational facilities, goods, road, water, electricity. IV. -In Indian politics, regional parties have an important role to play. In a way, it also means that most of the parties are expecting to be in power. V. In addition to the primary parties every state has its own political party that competes in the region. VI. Not only this situation is applicable at the center but also at state politics. 10- Myanmar rebel group calls for a united fight against junta I. Myanmar has more than 20 ethics groups, many of whom hold territories in the country, border region. II. A prominent rebel group in eastern Myanmar appealed on Sunday to other ethnic armies to unite against the military, as the country enters its fourth month under a junta regime III. -Among the most prominent opponents is the Karen National Union (KNU), which has admitted offering shelter to fleeing dissidents in the territory they control along Myanmar’s eastern border. 11- Bats and Speed of Sound: I. Unlike human bats perceive the object around them in terms of time and not distance. II. This calculation requires knowledge of the speed of sound which waives from in different mediums. III. Now a study in PNAS should that the knowledge of the speed of sound is innate in a bat from built IV. This innate reference point for the typical speed of sound allows them to judge distances in units of time, as opposed to units of space like we do. An insect buzzing near the opening of a cave is thus not a meter ahead of a bat, but more like a five-millisecond flight away V. Clashes have escalated in the Karen state between the KNU’s fighters and the military.12- Use of Nano Technology in Drug delivery (Science and Technology) I. The use of Nanotechnology has the potential to change the way including comes are being treated. II. Directly of the affected area of Cancerous cells III. An important discovery for drug delivery nanotechnology applications is the enhanced permeability and retention effect.13- Bose-Einstein condensate I. Of the five matter that can be the Bose-Einstein condensate is perhaps the most typically formed gases, liquid, solid, and plasma were all studied for. II. Bose-Einstein condensate was not created in the laboratory until 1990 III. At Zero Kelvin (Minus 273 degree), the particular stop moving and all disorder disappear, Thus, nothing can be colder than absolute zero on the kelvin scale group of start behaving like a single atom 14- Wildlife forensics helps the cause of pangolins I. Pangolins, regardless of being listed in Schedule I of Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 proceed to be the world’s most trafficked mammal. II. To implement the suitable nationwide and worldwide legal guidelines and to trace the decline of the species, researchers of the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), Kolkata, have now developed instruments to inform aside the scales of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) and Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla).15- Foam Path:foam path is an aviation safety practice of spreading a layer of fire suppression foam on an airport runway prior to an emergency landing. Following a crash-landing, liquids leaking from the aircraft, which are not yet burning, start evaporating, thereby resulting in forming an air-vapor mixture that is flammable or even highly explosive. In such cases, extinguishing foam is used preventively and the liquid is covered with a foam carpet as a vapor barrier. 16- What is the Starship? Originated by SpaceX, Starship is a spacecraft and super-heavy booster rocket meant to act as a reusable transportation system for crew and cargo to the Earth’s orbit, Moon and Mars. SpaceX has described Starship as “the world’s most powerful launch vehicle” with an ability to carry over 100 metric tonnes to the Earth’s orbit. 17- TRIPS Waives (Patent waiver) (Compulsory License)- In Public Welfare I. -Us Support India, patent waiver petition in October 2020. India and South Africa had approached the World Trade Organization (WTO) seeking a waiver on intellectual property rights on Covid-related innovations to enhance access to tests, drugs, and vaccines under section 1,4,5 and 7 of Part IIIrd of the TRIPS Agreement(Covering Copyright, individual design, patent, and undisclosed information) related to the treatment of Covid 19. II. -In the HIV/AIDS crisis in Africa in 1990, the WTO adopted a decision in 2003 waiving contains TRIPS obligation to increase the accessibility of Medicine in countries that loaded manufacturing capability. 18- Maratha Quota Unconstitutional I. A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court unanimously declared a Maharashtra law that provides reservation benefits to the Maratha community, taking the quota limit in the State over 50%, as unconstitutional II. 102nd (One Hundred Second) Amendment Act of 2018, which introduced the National Commission for Backward Classes, III. -NCBC is now a Constitutional body and it to provide benefit to the social and educationally backward communities. 19- The Supreme Court ruling on backward classes I. In the judgment that declared the Maratha reservation unconstitutional, a Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court dealt with another issue. II. By a 3:2 majority, it ruled that after the passage of the 102nd Constitutional Amendment act 2018, the state does not have the power to identify Socially and Educationally Backward Classes. III. The Union government argued that it was never the intention to deprive state government of their power to identify SCBC By the introduction of Articles 366 (26C) and 342A through the 102nd amendment, the President alone, to the exclusion of all other authorities, is empowered to identify SEBCs and include them in a list to be published under Article 342A (1), which shall be deemed to include SEBCs about each state and Union territory for the Constitution. The states can, through their existing mechanisms, or even statutory commissions, only make suggestions to the President of the Commission under Article 338B, for inclusion, exclusion, or modification of castes or communities. 20- 102nd Amendment 2018 I. The 102nAmendmentution amendment Act of 2018 inserted Articles 338B, which deals with the st, structure, duties, and powers of the NCBC, and 342Awhethere ich deals with the power of the President to notify a particular,r castle te as SEBC and power of Parliament to change the list. II. The Five Member commission was looked with monitoring safeguard provided for socially and educationally backward classes, giving advice on their Socio-Economic Development inquiry into complaint and making recommendations among function III. Significantly, it was laid down that the center and state shall consult the commission on all the policy matter commencing the SCBC. IV. Article 342A, which was inserted into the Constitution of India through the 102nd Amendment, empowers the President to specify the socially and educationally backward classes with respect to a state or union territory. V. -The article makes it mandatory to get parliamentary approval for adding to or deleting a community from the Backward List of communities.. VI. -Into this 'Central list' is notified only Parliament could make inclusion or exclusion in the list by law. VII. The provisions are drafted in exactly the same work on concerning the list of schedule center and Schedule tribe .further a definition of SEBC, was added to the Constitution - SEBC means The Socially and Economically Backward Classes Commission (SEBC) that was organized to help not the educational and socially as well as financially backward categories in India under Article 342 of Indian Constitution. 21- Why did this amendment Come For Judicial Interpretation? I. The court is dealing with a challenge to the Maharashtra State Reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Act (SEBC Act) of 2018. The law declared Marathas to be a ‘socially and educationally backward class’ and provided them with a 16 percent quota in educational institutions, including private institutions, and in public services. II. A Writ Petition filed in the Supreme court for challenging the validity of the amendment as it violated the federal structure and deprived the state of its power. In this contract, the court has to examine the validity of the amendment.22- Why Amend:The Supreme court has decided that the center to notify the list of SEBC for each state and Union territory and until it is done the present state list may continue to be in the center.23- Digital divide I. The term 'digital divide' describes the fact that the world can be divided into people who do and people who don't have access to - and the capability to use - modern information technology, such as the telephone, television, or the Internet. II. -According to National Survey Data from 2017, only 6% of Rural household and 25% of urban Household have a computer III. -Access to Internet Facilities is not universal either 17% in a rural area and 42% in an urban area. IV. -A survey by the National Council of Educational Research and training, the Azim Premji Foundation, ASER, and Oxford support that between 27% and 60% could not access online classes for a range of reasons, lack of devices, inability to buy data packs.24- Lunar Missin I. Space X will lunch the ' DOGE. 1 Misson to the moon in the first quarter of next year, with Elan Mask's commercial rocket company accepting the moon, improved cryptocurrency sequence as payment. II. The digital token was created in 2013 by Software Engineer Billy Markus and Jackson palmer. 25- Rani Rudrama Devi I. Two rare sculptural portraits of Kakatiya queen Rudrama Devi were unearthed and identified by an archaeologist on the premises of Sangameswara Swamy Temple at Teerthala village in Khammam district recently. II. Sangameswara temple is panchakuta – a five-unit marvelous shrine monument consisting of wonderful architectural features and requisite components for the comfortable worship of divinities III. The sculpture indicates that Rudrama Devi visited the Sangamesvara temple at the time of its sanctification. While the second sculptural panel is in a rectangular frame representing the arrival of the Rudrama Devi on a royal elephant to this temple site, and probably a provincial chief under her control is welcoming her by stopping the running elephant with his hands. 26- Global Glacier Retreat I. Glaciers are a sensitive indicator of climate change -- and one that can be easily observed. Regardless of altitude or latitude, glaciers have been melting at a high rate since the mid-20th century. II. This is the first study to include all the world's glaciers -- around 220,000 in total -- excluding the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The study's spatial and temporal resolution is unprecedented -- and shows how rapidly glaciers have lost thickness and mass over the past two decades. III. The situation is also having a profound effect on mountain glaciers in the Pamir mountains, the Hindu Kush and the Himalayas. "The situation in the Himalayas is particularly worrying," explains Romain Hugonnet, lead author of the study and researcher at ETH Zurich and the University of Toulouse. "During the dry season, glacial meltwater is an important source that feeds major waterways such as the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Indus rivers. 27- IDBI Bank Strategic Disinvestment I. The Union Cabinet gave in-principle approval for strategic disinvestment along with transfer of management control in IDBI Bank in line with the Budget announcement earlier this year. II. The central government and LIC together own more than 94% equity of IDBI Bank. LIC, currently the promoter of IDBI Bank with management control, has a 49.2% stake. III. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi approved the strategic sale of IDBI Bank.28- Key Hole Mining : I. A team of international researchers, including Dr. Rich Crane from the Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, have developed a new method to extract metals, such as copper, from their parent ore body. II. The research team has provided a proof of concept for the application of an electric field to control the amount of acid within a low permeability copper-bearing ore deposit to selectively dissolve and recover the metal in situ.29- Governor I. The Larger Principle that the governor should not offer public comment on the situation but handle the representative regime ought to hold good in all circumstances II. West Bengal governor visit to area hit by the post-poll violence in Cooch Behar. He went ahead with the visit despite Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee expressing her disapproval, calling it “unilateral proceedings” by the Governor which is “violative of long-standing norms of procedures”. III. Role of the governor in our federal Democratic setup aid to recommend ways to make this institution combustive to strengthening center-state relations for instance. The administrative regio commission 1968, Committee of governor 1971, IV. -Dr. Ambedkar Say " Governor is the outsider to the state, he would not be conversant with the local dynamic to handle the affair of the state universities, Hence he will have to seek advice from loc sources.